ABSTRACT
A adoção da chupeta e mamadeira pelos pais podem trazer problemas no desenvolvimento craniofacial da criança. A sucção digital é outro fator influenciador da má formação da face, este pode ser antecedido pela mamadeira e chupeta. O conhecimento sobre o desenvolvimento facial correto ajuda no reconhecimento de desvios da normalidade. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura a fim de analisar e comparar os efeitos no crescimento facial entre os hábitos deletérios e a amamentação fisiológica. Muitos registros de malformações causadas por hábitos deletérios foram encontrados. Conclui-se que a amamentação natural ainda é a melhor forma de alimentação para crianças, e nenhuma outra opção será melhor que a fisiológica, sendo aconselhável evitar o uso dos demais(AU)
The adoption of pacifiers and bottles by parents can bring problems in the child's craniofacial development. Finger sucking is another factor influencing the malformation of the face, which can be preceded by the bottle and pacifier. Knowledge about correct facial development helps in recognizing deviations from normality. A literature review was carried out in order to analyze and compare the effects on facial growth between harmful habits and physiological breastfeeding. Many records of malformations caused by deleterious habits were found. It is concluded that natural breastfeeding is still the best form of feeding for children, and no other option will be better than the physiological one, being advisable to avoid the use of the others(AU)
Subject(s)
Breast Feeding , Pacifiers , Nursing Bottles , Face/abnormalities , Parents , Fingersucking , MalocclusionABSTRACT
Introducción: los hábitos bucales deformantes obstaculizan en el patrón regular de crecimiento facial y suelen provocar anomalías dentomaxilofaciales. Objetivo: determinar la afectación por hábitos bucales deformantes y las alteraciones oclusales en niños de 0-11 años de edad del Policlínico Máximo Gómez del municipio Holguín. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, en 132 niños seleccionados por muestreo estratificado a fijación igual, pareado por sexos. Se determinó el grupo de edad y sexo más afectado, dividiéndose en los grupos de edades de 0-4 y 5-11 años de edad. Resultados: el hábito bucal deformante detectado con mayor frecuencia resultó el chupeteo de tete y biberón (69,69%), seguido del empuje lingual (62,87%) y la succión del pulgar u otros dedos (45,45%), en tanto que las alteraciones oclusales en orden decreciente resultaron la distoclusión molar en 54 pacientes para el 40,90%, seguido de la labioversión con diastema (27,27%) y el apiñamiento inferior (25,75%). Se observaron 101 niños (76,51%) con alguna de las alteraciones oclusales estudiadas y el grupo etario de 5-11 años resultó el más afectado. Conclusiones: los hábitos bucales deformantes fueron una práctica muy arraigada en la población infantil, particularmente el chupeteo de tete, biberón y fueron causa de gran número de alteraciones de la oclusión, predominando la distoclusión molar, más frecuentes en el grupo de 5-11 años de edad y el sexo masculino.
Introduction: deforming oral habits interfere in the regular facial growth and usually cause dental and maxillofacial deformities. Objective: to determine the affectation of deforming oral habits and occlusal alterations in children of 0-11 years of aged at Máximo Gómez Policlinic in Holguín municipality. Methods: a descriptive cross sectional study was carried out in 132 children selected by stratified sampling to equal, twin fixation by sexes. The most affected group or sex was also determined, dividing them into two groups 0-4 and 5-11 years old according to age. Results: sucking the pacifier and the nursing bottle were the most common habits (69.69%), followed by atypical swallow (62.87%) or sucking the thumb or other fingers (45.45%). Distocclusion molar relationship was observed in 54 patients (40.90%), followed by marked overjet with spaces between teeth (27.27%) and inferior crowding (25.75%). 101 studied children (76.51%) with some of the occlusal alterations were observed and the group of 5-11 years old was the most affected one. Conclusions: deforming oral habits were an strengthen practice in childhood, in particular the sucking of pacifier an the nursing bottle and were the cause a great number of dental malocclusions, being distocclussion malocclusion the most frequent alteration in the age group between 5 - 11 years old more affected age group as well as the male sex.